The Cessna L-19, later redesignated the O-1 Bird Dog, was a single-engine observation and liaison aircraft developed for the U.S. Army in the late 1940s. Based on the civilian Cessna 170, it was the first all-metal fixed-wing aircraft ordered for the Army after World War II and played a vital role in artillery spotting, reconnaissance, and communication.
With its high-wing configuration, excellent visibility, and rugged STOL (short takeoff and landing) performance, the Bird Dog proved ideal for battlefield observation and forward air control missions. It saw extensive service during the Korean War and Vietnam War, where it was often the eyes of ground forces and airstrike coordination.
The L-19/O-1’s reputation for reliability and versatility has kept many airworthy in civilian hands, often appearing at airshows and used for bush flying and utility work. Its iconic silhouette and combat legacy make it one of the most respected liaison aircraft in aviation history.
O-1 BIRD DOG NOTES
Designed for battlefield observation and artillery spotting, the Bird Dog became a critical link between ground forces and air support during multiple conflicts.
PRODUCTION
• Number Built: Approx. 3,431
• Year Produced: 1950–1964
• Serial Number: O1A-51-7461 (Example)
MEASUREMENTS
• Length: 25 ft 9 in
• Wingspan: 36 ft 0 in
• Empty Weight: 1,450 lbs
• Loaded Weight: 2,400 lbs
• Engine: Continental O-470-11 / 213 hp
PERFORMANCE
• Cruising Speed: 104 mph
• Max Speed: 150 mph
• Range: 530 miles
• Ceiling: 20,300 ft
• Rate of Climb: 860 ft/min
ARMAMENT
• None – Could carry smoke rockets or marking flares for forward air control
